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Table of Contents
The Black Sea is one of the four seas named after a color. It is a marginal sea of the Atlantic Ocean, and it is located between Eastern Europe, the Caucasus Mountains, and Western Asia.
See the fact file below for more information on the Black Sea or alternatively, you can download our 24-page Black Sea worksheet pack to utilise within the classroom or home environment.
Key Facts & Information
INTRODUCTION
- The Black Sea is bordered to the north by Ukraine, to the northeast by Russia, to the east by Georgia, to the west by Bulgaria and Romania, and to the south by Turkey.
- The Black Sea is connected to the waters of the Atlantic Ocean, the Sea of Marmara, the Dardanelles, the Aegean Sea, and the Mediterranean Sea.
- The Black Sea occupies around 163,000 square miles (about 422,000 square kilometers).
- The Black Sea has a maximum depth of around 7,250 feet (2,210 meters).
PHYSICAL FEATURES
- The overall coastline of the Black Sea is mildly indented, but the coastline at the northwestern and northern shores are low and furrowed due to the numerous ravines, valleys, and rivers.
- The coastline at the eastern and southern parts is steep and mountainous.
- Some islands of the Black Sea include St. Thomas Island, St. Anastasia Island, St. Cyricus Island, St. Ivan Island, St. Peter Island, Sacalin Island, Utrish Island, Krupinin Island, Sudiuk Island, Kefken Island, Oreke Island, Giresun Island, Dzharylgach Island, and Zmiinyi Island.
- The Black Sea is divided into two basins that are separated by the Mid-Black Sea High. The two basins are the Western Black Sea and the Eastern Black Sea.
- The area around the Black Sea is often referred to as the Black Sea Region.
HYDROLOGY
- The Black Sea is known to be the world’s largest body of water with a meromictic basin, or a basin that has layers that do not intermix. The deep waters of the Black Sea do not mix with the upper layers of the sea. Thus, most of the deeper Black Sea volume is anoxic waters.
- Due to the anoxic water in the deeper part of the Black Sea, organic matter, which include anthropogenic artifacts, are well preserved.
ECOLOGY
- The Black Sea has an active and dynamic marine ecosystem.
- The Black Sea features a range of trophic groups, with
autotrophic algae acting as primary producers. - The groups of phytoplankton that exist in the Black Sea include the dinoflagellates, diatoms, coccolithophores, and cyanobacteria.
- Zebra mussels are also native in the Black Sea, as well as the Caspian Sea.
- Just like zebra mussels, common carp are also native in the Black Sea, Caspian Sea, and Aral Sea.
- Round goby is also a native fish in the Black Sea. Round goby preys upon zebra mussels.
- Two species of dolphins are present in the Black Sea, common and bottlenose.
- Harbour porpoise is also present in the Black Sea.
- Some other fish that are present in the Black Sea are the thornback ray, common stingray, spiny butterfly ray, smooth hammerhead, spiny dogfish, sterlet, caspian shad, black-sea sprat, black sea salmon, brown trout, long-snouted seahorse, black-striped pipefish, adriatic blenny, red-black triplefin, giant goby, brown wrasse, damselfish, leaping mullet, and grey triggerfish.
ECONOMY
- The Black Sea plays an important role in transportation, as it links the eastern European countries with world markets.
- In addition, according to the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), the Black Sea also serves as a smuggling channel for moving both legal and illegal goods.
- Tourism is one of the most developed industries of the region and areas surrounding the Black Sea.
- There are also several resort towns surrounding the Black Sea. Some of these are Eforie, 2 Mai, and Olimp in Romania; Odessa and Skadovsk in Ukraine; Sochi and Tuapse in Russia; Varna, Sozopol, and Rusalka in Bulgaria; and Ordu in Turkey.
STATUS
- The Black Sea is suffering from long list of problems, such as pollution due to land-based sources; loss of biodiversity due to pollution, invasive species, and destruction of habitats; and overexploitation of marine living resources.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
- The ten most populated urban areas along the coastline of the Black Sea are: (1) Istanbul, Turkey; (2) Odessa, Ukraine; (3) Samsun, Turkey; (4) Constanta, Romania; (5) Varna, Bulgaria; (6) Sevastopol; Ukraine (7) Sochi, Russia; (8) Trabzon, Turkey; (9) Novorossiysk, Russia; and (10) Burgas, Bulgaria.
- The Black Sea is also known as the Euxine Sea, which means the “hospitable sea”.
- The ratio of freshwater and saltwater in the Black Sea differs depending on the season.
- Anchovies are a popular, commercially fished species present in the Black Sea.
Black Sea Worksheets
This is a fantastic bundle which includes everything you need to know about the Black Sea across 24 in-depth pages. These are ready-to-use Black Sea worksheets that are perfect for teaching students about the Black Sea is one of the four seas named after a color. It is a marginal sea of the Atlantic Ocean, and it is located between Eastern Europe, the Caucasus Mountains, and Western Asia.
Complete List Of Included Worksheets
- Black Sea Facts
- Color
- Ten
- Dolphins
- Name Them
- Borders
- Islands
- Anoxic Waters
- Solve It
- Visit
- Breaking
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Link will appear as Black Sea Facts & Worksheets: https://kidskonnect.com - KidsKonnect, May 19, 2020
Use With Any Curriculum
These worksheets have been specifically designed for use with any international curriculum. You can use these worksheets as-is, or edit them using Google Slides to make them more specific to your own student ability levels and curriculum standards.