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King Charles I Facts & Worksheets

Charles I was the King of England, King of Scotland, and King of Ireland, who reigned from March 27, 1625 until his execution in 1649.

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Charles I was the King of England, King of Scotland, and King of Ireland, who reigned from March 27, 1625 until his execution in 1649. His predecessor was his father, King James I. He was succeeded by Charles II.

See the fact file below for more information on the King Charles I or alternatively, you can download our 23-page King Charles I worksheet pack to utilise within the classroom or home environment.

Key Facts & Information

GENERAL FACTS

  • Charles I reigned as the king of England, Scotland, and Ireland from March 27, 1625 until January 30, 1649.
  • He was born on November 19, 1600, at Dunfermline Palace, Dunfermline, Scotland.
  • He was executed at the age of 48 in Whitehall, London, England.

EARLY LIFE

  • Charles I was the second son of King James VI of Scotland and Anne of Denmark.
  • He was baptised on December 23, 1600, by David Lindsay, Bishop of Ross.
  • On the same day, the title Duke of Albany was created. It was the traditional title of the second son of the King of Scotland.
  • The Duke of Albany possessed subsidiary titles of Marquess of Ormonde, Earl of Ross, and Lord Ardmannoch.
  • When Queen Elizabeth I of England died childless in March 1603, her first cousin, James VI succeeded as the King of England as James I and was forced to move to England with his family.
  • Unfortunately, Charles remained in Scotland for he was a weak and sickly infant. He was taken care of by Lord Fyvie, his appointed guardian and father’s friend.
  • In 1604, Charles was considered to be strong enough to leave Scotland and travel to England to be with his family.
  • He left Dunfermline Palace for England in mid-July 1604. Charles was under the supervision of Elizabeth, Lady Carey, the wife of courtier Sir Robert Carey, when he arrived in England.
  • Charles’ ankles were weak back then, so he was advised to wear boots made from Spanish leather to strengthen them.
  • Charles’ speech development was slow. He had a stammer and was hesitant in speaking, and retained this for the duration of his life.
  • Charles was made Duke of York in 1605, which was the customary title for the King of England’s second son.
  • He was also made the Knight of Bath.
  • Charles’ tutor was Thomas Murray, a presbyterian Scot.
  • In 1611, Charles was made a Knight of the Garter.
  • Charles was believed to suffer from rickets, a condition that results in weak or soft bones in children.
  • However, Charles conquered his condition, as he became an adept horseman and marksman. He also took up fencing.

HEIR

  • Henry, Charles’ older brother, who was supposed to succeed King James I, unfortunately died of typhoid in 1612.
  • In 1616, four years later his brother’s death, Charles inherited the title Prince of Wales.
  • In the 1620s, James tried to negotiate a marriage between Charles and King Ferdinand of Spain’s niece, Habsburg princess Maria Anna of Spain.
  • Charles and the Duke of Buckingham made an incognito visit to Spain in 1623 to try to reach an agreement. However, this failed as Spain insisted on toleration of Catholics in England.
  • Upon returning to London, they urged James to declare war on Spain.
  • By 1624, James was growing ill. He had difficulty controlling Parliament.
  • James died in 1625. Charles and the Duke of Buckingham had already assumed de facto control of England.

EARLY REIGN

  • On May 1, 1625, a proxy marriage (a wedding in which one or both of the individuals are not actually present) was held between Charles and the 15-year-old French princess Henrietta Maria.
  • They married in front of the doors of Notre Dame de Paris as a recurse to the failure of the Spanish match.
  • Charles and Henrietta officially met on June 13, 1625 in Canterbury.
  • Many members of the Commons opposed Charles’ marriage to Henrietta, who was a Catholic.
  • Although Charles promised that he would not relax religious restrictions, he had done so in a secret marriage treaty with Louis XIII of France, his brother-in-law. This resulted in great distrust from the people towards his religious policies.
  • The Duke of Buckingham openly manipulated Parliament and created conflict among the nobility. He was assassinated in 1628.
  • Charles had to dissolve Parliament three times in his first four years due to religious tensions, and Parliament disagreed with his military spending.
  • In 1929, he permanently dismissed Parliament, which angered the public.

CIVIL WAR AND DEATH

  • Charles’ personal rule resulted in a general outcry from the public.
  • This forced him to bring back Parliament.
  • Charles faced another conflict with Parliament in 1642, when he had five legislators arrested. This resulted in a Civil War in England.
  • On January 30, 1649, he was beheaded in London, England.

King Charles I Worksheets

This is a fantastic bundle which includes everything you need to know about the King Charles I across 23 in-depth pages. These are ready-to-use King Charles I worksheets that are perfect for teaching students about Charles I who was the King of England, King of Scotland, and King of Ireland, who reigned from March 27, 1625 until his execution in 1649. His predecessor was his father, King James I. He was succeeded by Charles II.

Complete List Of Included Worksheets

  • King Charles I Facts
  • Biography Blanks
  • Significant Years
  • Truth Spotting
  • Odd One Out
  • When and Who?
  • England Collage
  • Top Two Quotes
  • Interviewing the King
  • The King’s Acrostics
  • Map of Knowledge

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Use With Any Curriculum

These worksheets have been specifically designed for use with any international curriculum. You can use these worksheets as-is, or edit them using Google Slides to make them more specific to your own student ability levels and curriculum standards.

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