EVENTS
- 1565 – St. Augustine, Florida, established. It is the oldest surviving European settlement in the United States.
- 1845 – First issue of “Scientific American” hits the newsstands. The science magazine was founded by American inventor and artist Rufus M. Porter. The magazine began as a weekly newsletter and is now the oldest continuously published magazine in the United States.
- 1898 – Caleb Bradham renames his carbonated soft drink Pepsi-Cola.
- 1937 – Toyota Motor Corporation is Formed. The car company was first founded in 1933 as a subsidiary of the Toyoda Automatic Loom Works, Ltd. The division was headed by Kiichiro Toyoda, the son of the Toyota founder, Sakichi Toyoda.
- 1955 – Emmett Till is murdered in Mississippi. The 14-year old African-American boy was brutally killed by white men after he was allegedly reported to have flirted with a white woman a day before. Till, who was from Chicago, was visiting family in Money, Mississippi, when he was kidnapped, mutilated, and his body dumped into the river.
- 1963 – Evergreen Bridge opens for traffic for the first time. The longest floating bridge in the world, the Evergreen Point Bridge or the Governor Albert D. Rosellini Bridge, is on Route 520 in the state of Washington. It is built on Lake Washington and connects Seattle with the city of Medina. The bridge is 4,750 meters long, half of which is over the water.
- 1963 – Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. gives his famous “I have a dream” speech.
Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr - 1972 – Mark Spitz gets his first of seven Olympic gold medals in swimming.
BIRTHDAYS
- 1749 – German author-philosopher Johann Wolfgang von Goethe (1749-1832) was born in Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- 1774 – The first American-born Roman Catholic saint, Elizabeth Ann Seton (1774-1821) was born in New York
- 1913 – Lindsay Hassett (Australian cricketer)
- 1943 – Surayud Chulanont (Thai politician, 24th Prime Minister of Thailand)
- 1958 – Scott Hamilton (Gold medal figure skater)
- 1965 – Shania Twain (Country Singer)
Shania Twain - 1969 – Jason Priestley (Actor)
- 1969 – Jack Black (Actor)
- 1971 – Janet Evans (Swimmer)
- 1982 – LeAnn Rimes (Country Singer)
- 1986 – Gilad Shalit (Israeli soldier)
DEATHS
- 430 – Augustine of Hippo (Algerian bishop, theologian)
- 1903 – Frederick Law Olmsted (American journalist, landscape designer, co-designed Central Park)
Frederick Law Olmsted - 1955 – Emmett Till (American murder victim)
- 1987 – John Huston (American director)
- 1990 – Willy Vandersteen (Belgian writer, illustrator)
