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From the famous Maria Cristina Falls to the breathtaking sunset in Manila Bay, the Philippines is truly blessed with the richness of its bodies of water. A waterform, or anyong tubig, most often refers to oceans, seas, and lakes, and even includes ponds, streams, springs, and waterfalls.
See the fact file below for more information on the Philippine Waterforms or alternatively, you can download our 24-page Philippine Waterforms worksheet pack to utilise within the classroom or home environment.
Key Facts & Information
OCEAN
- An ocean, or karagatan, is a body of water that makes up much of the earth’s hydrosphere. The earth has one global ocean, and is divided into different geographic regions: the Pacific, Atlantic, Indian, and Arctic Oceans.
- The Philippines is bounded by the Pacific Ocean in the east.
- In general, the sea or dagat is a portion of the ocean that is partly surrounded by land or, in some cases, totally landlocked.
- The sea controls much of the earth’s climate and plays a significant role in the water cycle, carbon cycle, and nitrogen cycle.
- The Philippines is bounded in the west by the South China Sea, and in the south by the Sulu and Celebes Sea. Other seas in the Philippine territory include the Bohol Sea, Camotes Sea, Samar Sea, Sibuyan Sea, Sulu Sea, and Visayan Sea.
- Philippine Sea. A marginal sea of the Western Pacific Ocean east of the country, the Philippine Sea has the Philippines and Taiwan to the west, Japan to the north, the Marianas to the east, and Palau to the south.
- Celebes Sea. A portion of an ancient ocean basin created 42 million years ago, the Celebes Sea is home to a number of fish and aquatic creatures and an important sea route for regional trade. This body of water is surrounded by the Sulu archipelago, Sulu Sea, and the island of Mindanao in the north, Sangihe Islands chain in the east, Sulawesi’s Minahasa Peninsula in the south, and the northern Kalimantan in the west.
- South China Sea. A marginal sea of the West Pacific Ocean, the South China Sea has different archipelago clusters of mostly small deserted islands, islets, reefs/atolls, and seamounts, that are subject to competing claims of sovereignty by nearby nations. This body of water is enclosed by the shores of South China in the north, Indochinese Peninsula in the west, the islands of Taiwan and northwestern Philippines in the east, and the Borneo, eastern Sumatra, and the Bangka Belitung Islands in the south.
RIVER
- A river or ilog is a natural waterway, usually freshwater, formed by water from either precipitation or glacial meltwater, and runs from higher to lower grounds.
- It starts from a source (or sometimes different sources), follows a path known as a course, and stops at a mouth or mouths. Its water is typically enclosed in a channel, composed of a stream bed between banks.
- Notable rivers in the Philippines include Agusan River, Marikina River, Pasig River, Cagayan River, Mindanao River, and Agno River.
- Cagayan River. Located in the Cagayan Valley, the Rio Grande de Cagayan, is the country’s longest and largest river, approximately 505 kilometers in length. It traverses through the provinces of Nueva Vizcaya, Quirino, Isabela, and Cagayan.
- Pasig River. Connecting Laguna de Bay to Manila Bay, the Pasig River stretches for 25.2 kilometers, dividing the city of Manila and its surrounding urban area into northern and southern regions. This river used to be a significant transport route and source of water in Manila during the Spanish era.
- Marikina River. The largest tributary of Pasig River with headwaters in the Sierra Madre in the province of Rizal, the Marikina River is located in the eastern portion of Metro Manila.
- Agusan River. Located in the northeast of Mindanao, the Agusan River is the third largest river in the Philippines, with a length of approximately 349 kilometers.
- Agno River. Also known as the Pangasinan River, this traverses the provinces of Benguet and Pangasinan. Agno River used to be among the largest river systems in the Philippines, with a drainage area of 5,952 square kilometers.
GULF
- A gulf or golpo is an inlet of a lake or ocean that stretches so that it is bounded by land on three sides, similar to but with a narrower opening than a bay.
- Famous gulfs in the country are the Leyte Gulf and Lingayen Gulf.
- Lingayen Gulf. A large gulf in the northwest of Luzon, the Lingayen gulf extends 56 kilometers in length. It is bounded by the provinces of Pangasinan and La Union and is situated between the Zambales Mountains and the Cordillera Central. The Agno River drains into this gulf.
- Leyte Gulf. Located in the eastern Visayas, the Leyte Gulf is a portion of the Philippine Sea of the Pacific Ocean, and is surrounded by two islands: Samar in the north and Leyte in the west. Its coast houses several municipalities, such as Balangiga, Giporlos, Guiuan, Lawaan, Mercedes, Quinapondan, and Salcedo.
LAKE
- A lake or lawa is a body of water, typically freshwater, surrounded by land.
- Most lakes in the Philippines are correlated to volcanic and tectonic activities, and a number of smaller lakes fill the crates of dormant or extinct volcanoes.
- Taal Lake. Originally known as Bombón Lake, Taal Lake is a freshwater volcanic crater lake in Batangas, which occupies the Taal Volcano. It is the third largest lake in the Philippines and its basin was first declared a national park on July 22, 1967.
- Lake Lanao. A large ancient lake in Lanao del Sur, this body of water is the second largest lake in the country and the largest in Mindanao. It was formed by tectonic-volcanic damming of a basin between two mountain ranges and the disintegration of a large volcano.
- Laguna de Bay. The largest freshwater lake in the country, Laguna Lake is found east of the National Capital Region, between the provinces of Laguna to the south and Rizal to the north.
WATERFALL
- A talon or waterfall is a river or other body of water’s steep vertical drop over a rocky ledge into a plunge pool below.
- Maria Cristina Falls. Found in Iligan City, the majestic Maria Cristina Falls towers over 300 feet above the forest canopy and Agus River. It is also referred to as Twin Falls because a rock near the base splits the falling water into two different streams.
- Pagsanjan Falls. Located in Laguna, Pagsanjan Falls or the Cavinti Falls is a three-tiered waterfall that can be reached by a river trip on dugout canoe, locally known as shooting the rapids.
- Tinago Falls. A waterfall on the Agus River, Tinago Falls is between the town of Linamon and Iligan City in Lanao del Norte. Its name is derived from a Filipino word meaning “hidden”, given that it is hidden in a deep ravine.
- Tinuy-an Falls. A multi-drop waterfall in Bislig, Surigao del Sur, Tinuy-an Falls is dubbed as the little Niagara Falls of the Philippines. It displays a white water curtain that drops in three levels, and is believed to be the widest waterfall in the country.
Philippine Waterforms Worksheets
This is a fantastic bundle which includes everything you need to know about the Philippine Waterforms across 24 in-depth pages. These are ready-to-use Philippine Waterforms worksheets that are perfect for teaching students about the Philippine Waterforms. From the famous Maria Cristina Falls to the breathtaking sunset in Manila Bay, the Philippines is truly blessed with the richness of its bodies of water. A waterform, or anyong tubig, most often refers to oceans, seas, and lakes, and even includes ponds, streams, springs, and waterfalls.
Complete List Of Included Worksheets
- Philippine Waterforms Facts
- What Waterform?
- Classify That Waterform
- Labeling Lakes
- Test Yourself
- Name That Water
- Chasing Waterfalls
- Let’s Swim
- Waterforms in My Area
- Protect the Waters
- Water Edition
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Link will appear as Philippine Waterforms Facts & Worksheets: https://kidskonnect.com - KidsKonnect, January 5, 2021
Use With Any Curriculum
These worksheets have been specifically designed for use with any international curriculum. You can use these worksheets as-is, or edit them using Google Slides to make them more specific to your own student ability levels and curriculum standards.